Japan Defense Chief: “WWII A-bombing unavoidable”
One of the most frustrating aspects of living in Japan is being told constantly that just about any circumstance, no matter how illogical, unfair, or easily eliminated, “cannot be helped” (shikata-ga-nai or sho-ga-nai).
Now we get word that Defense Minister Fumio Kyuma has applied shikata-ga-nai logic to the end of World War II, saying that the atomic bombing of Japan by the United States during World War II was.
“I understand that the bombing ended the war, and I think that it couldn’t be helped,” Kyodo News agency quoted Kyuma as saying in a speech at a university in Chiba.
Though Kyuma comes from Nagasaki, he is able to find a silver lining the way the U.S. ended the war in that it prevented the Soviet Union from laying claim to a piece of Japan.
Kyuma’s remarks drew immediate criticism from Japanese atomic bomb victims.
“The U.S. justifies the bombings saying they saved many American lives,” said Nobuo Miyake, 78, director-general of a group of victims living in Tokyo. “It’s outrageous for a Japanese politician to voice such thinking. Japan is a victim.”
In America, the bombings are widely seen as a weapon of last resort against an enemy that was determined to fight to the death but instead surrendered unconditionally, six days after Nagasaki was attacked.
Some Japanese tend not to distinguish the one from the other, namely which to give up having courage to change what should be changed, from which to accept what cannot be changed. This can be seen as a lack of rationalism.
Japanese military staff knew the surrender would be unavoidable, already at the beginning of 1945(before the Big Tokyo bombing 10. March), because there were no sufficient weapons nor fuels anymore remaining for Japan. And it was only soldier discipline which forced to be determined to fight to the death but instead surrendered unconditionally.
The main two reasons why Japan didn’t dare to surrender even after the Potsdam declaration were:
1. Japan hoped Soviet Union would help laying claim to a piece arrangement for Japan.
2. Unconditional surrender might dissolute Emperor system.
But it cost unbearable sufferings and victims. And I can’t deny, no matter the reasons, indiscriminate bombing (include nuclear bombing) is complete inhumane act.
June 30th, 2007 at 9:42 pm“Though Kyuma comes from Nagasaki, he is able to find a silver lining the way the U.S. ended the war in that it prevented the Soviet Union from laying claim to a piece of Japan.”
Think North Korea, which Japan is not. The bombings were terrible but perhaps they were, for the Japanese even, the lesser of two evils.
June 30th, 2007 at 10:14 pmI made a mistake in writing.(My English is bad.) What I meant was :
1. Japan hoped Soviet Union would help arranging a PEACE treaty between Japan and the Allies.
RYO, I know indiscriminate mass bombing(or A-bombing) thing at that wartime can’t be easily judged black or white from today’s viewpoint. Though, for the most civilian victims, it was all equally terrible.
And the way of thinking “poison to poison” or “attack is the best defense” doesn’t make the thing always better.(I mean the war against Islamic terrorist). Besides, North Korea is just black-mailing the world. If we take NK too seriously, it will only benefit Kim JongIl.
July 1st, 2007 at 1:11 amJust to clarify, I’ve always thought that the atomic bombings were horrific. But as I’ve grown older, I’ve come to accept that it was perhaps the most humane option for both sides. Despite the hastened end to the war, the Soviets still managed to grab some territory to the north. Had the war dragged on, who knows how far south the Japanese version of the DMZ would have been drawn. Thankfully, an eastern Iron Curtain never descended on Japan. Whether it was intended or not, the atomic bombings saved Japan from the scourge of communism. And that’s no small matter.
On a side note, I’ve always felt that the earlier fire-bombing victims in cities throughout the country in the spring of 1945 deserved more sympathy and recognition worldwide for what they went through than they have gotten, overshadowed as their suffering has been by the atomic bombings. It’s sad to think that their deaths did not accomplish as much as the deaths in Hiroshima and Nagasaki.
July 1st, 2007 at 1:38 amThe Soviets managed to grab NK with the help of their agents and members of the communist party, like Kim Il Sung. Who would they have been able to set up to rule, say Hokkaido and Tohoku?
Personally I feel the biggest plus reason for the bombings is that people were able to see exactly how nasty they were, and refrain from using them as they became more and more powerful and tensions rose. The people who died at Hiro/saki may have indirectly saved literally millions of lives.
The firebombing of urban Japan is generally overlooked - if mentioned in any detail, it is usually just the March 10 Tokyo Raid, which killed about 100,000 people. But the other 63 cities that were targeted by the XXI Bomber Command in Guam and the Joint Target Group in the US were at times selected on some very arbitrary criteria indeed.
However I don’t know that they have such little legacy. Since most major cities were bombed, many many people directly experienced war. This may well account for the strong pacifist tendency in Japan and the grassroots support for Article Nine.
July 1st, 2007 at 2:29 amThe Overthinker: “However I don’t know that they have such little legacy. Since most major cities were bombed, many many people directly experienced war. This may well account for the strong pacifist tendency in Japan and the grassroots support for Article Nine.”
That’s something to ponder. Thanks for giving me a new perspective on this matter.
July 1st, 2007 at 3:18 amI find it comical that Miyake states that Japan was a victim…perhaps more a victim of an uncompassionate Emperor at the time. Japan’s past militant mindframe and the lack of a democratic social system were also large characteristics that made them into victims, but certainly not a victim of America. You cant instigate warfare and later deem yourself a “victim”, thats just absurd.
July 1st, 2007 at 5:54 pmMiyake represents a group of victims, so his comments are going to be about victimhood, obviously. That is where he derives his power from.
However on a larger scale the question of “victimhood” in Japan in the WW2 era (1937-1945, perhaps even earlier) is interesting. Is someone who has been brainwashed by propaganda and education into supporting a proposition a victim or an aggressor? Or even both? Since the Meiji Restoration, and increasingly so in the 1920s and ’30s, state control was predicated on a system that required belief in its statements for its power (ie that the Meiji Restoration had indeed restored the Emperor to the power he enjoyed before the military took over, and that the power he enjoyed then was directly comparable to the power a modern monarch should have over a modern nation-state), and therefore loyalty could be and was demanded on the basis of adherence to those statements/beliefs. The question is, did those in the position to enforce/spread that compliance actually believe their own propaganda? Did they not believe it but find themselves holding the tiger’s tale? (I would say this was the situation for many politicians who saw their party influence slip away as the military gained power.) Or were they just cynical opportunists?
July 1st, 2007 at 6:23 pmOne of the most frustrating aspects of living in Japan is being told constantly that just about any circumstance, no matter how illogical, unfair, or easily eliminated, “cannot be helped” (shikata-ga-nai or sho-ga-nai).
Now we get word that Defense Minister Fumio Kyuma has applied shikata-ga-nai logic to the end of World War II, saying that the atomic bombing of Japan by the United States during World War II was.
Sorry but it’s another heavily biased article.
On US forums, you find a majority of western people claiming that the A-bombing was unavoidable and , most of all, necessary. So, it’s ok from the mouth of a wetsern guy but not from the mouth of a Japanese guy?
So, the “shikata-ga-nai logic” is OK only when applied by western people, right?
July 1st, 2007 at 7:18 pmI don’t get it, vittel. Where has JP said that? From what I read, the first paragraph is just an introduction to the meaning of the terminology.
And I don’t see anything after that which says it’s “not OK for Kyuma to apply shikata-ga-nai logic”, just surprise that he did.
That’s my reading of it, though. I may well be wrong.
July 1st, 2007 at 8:39 pmThere is no “if” in the history. We don’t know anymore whether 2 atomic bombings really contributed to save possible a million victims and to prevent the Soviet grab Hokkaido, or not. Maybe Yes, maybe No. Leave it to historian.
Rather than that, Japan should have withdrawn from the continent until 1941 or at the latest Japan had to surrender on February 1945 when already some serious discussions (about ending the war) started. As SamSnead says, Japan’s past militant mind frame and the lack of a democratic social system were the fundamental reasons which made their citizens into victims of late tragedy in 1945. Of course Japan had troubled Asian peoples, which made deep isolation of Japan in the international community, was the biggest failure as the nation.
I am not arguing at all about justice or morality in war battles at all. There were hardly such things in that nasty war. Even so, it’s not easy to accept for Japanese that indiscriminate mass bombings or atomic bombings were more humane or inevitable, while they are today trying to maintain the Article 9. There are even opinions among some Japanese that Japan was forced into the war against the USA.(That’s not true). And for a person with naive sentiment like Mr.Miyake, it’s expedient to be an opportunist.
What disappointing for us is that the citizens of UN’s 5 counsel nations don’t know much about the devastations caused by nuclear weapons. If they aim nuclear disarmament, first thing is to inform their citizens more about nuclear devastations. Otherwise we can’t stop the diffusion of weapons of mass destructions in the world.
July 1st, 2007 at 9:28 pmOf course you are correct, Overoften.
July 1st, 2007 at 11:03 pmToo many comments
That carry little knowledge;
That, is our Vittel
You know, Remora, I think this haiku thing just may work out
July 1st, 2007 at 11:45 pmTofuUnion: By 1945 Japan was pretty desperate to end the war, but on their terms. One final victory in battle and then sue for peace was the ideal, but that ‘final victory’ never came.
I would say that the bombs did prevent Soviet grabbing of Japanese territory. In fact they didn’t really - the Soviets grabbed the Kuriles and still hold the four islands near Hokkaido Japan wants back. Another few weeks and they probably would have Hokkaido.
Frankly I think Japan should never have “struck south” but stayed in Manchuria and even hit the USSR instead - the US might actually have joined in that attack (big big ‘if’ of course, after the Siberian Expedition).
July 2nd, 2007 at 12:34 am“I don’t get it, vittel. Where has JP said that? From what I read, the first paragraph is just an introduction to the meaning of the terminology.”
Overoften,
Read the first paragraph with your eyes open please.
What you call an “introduction on the meaning of a terminology” is more judgemental than a mere definition don’t ou think? “no matter how illogical, unfair, or easily eliminated,”
Yeah, very judgemental. And the whole article is based on this, from the start. It can imply that the A-bombing was unfair and easily eliminated.
Seriously, I think it’s not stupid to assume that a judgemental introduction to a news gives a totally different tone to the facts.
Too many comments
That carry little knowledge;
That, is our Vittel
Rattler,
The poster of the article seems to ignore the fact that the idea that the A-bombing was necessary is widely spread in the west. I think it would have been fair to write about that, to put this into its context and to give a more balanced view, instead of beintg judgemental from the start.
Well, that’s just my opinion.
July 2nd, 2007 at 4:12 amSorry for using my free breath as much as I do ahaha
I’m going to go with my “Over” brethren here. Looks to me like the first paragraph is a definition of what the term means - basically your average British Stiff Upper Lip, Old Chaps, Mustn’t Grumble Eh What? While I can see how it is possible to read an editorial slant from that into the news article, it does not appear to be the intention. Rather, after explaining what the term means for those that might not know it, he then goes on to say that this guy here used it in this context. Any concept of “no matter how illogical” etc should then come from the guy’s comment.
Not that I entirely agree with the summation of shikata ga nai as “no matter how illogical, unfair, or easily eliminated” really. It’s fair enough as far as it goes, but it’s more a stoic acceptance of that you have no power to change, rather than a call to accept that which you might feel is illogical, unfair, or easily eliminated. In other words, (at least in my experience) it’s not something you will be told by one who has the power themselves to change it, but it’s more like commiserating with you about both your situations. And here, Kyuma seems to be using it to say that we need to get beyond the bombing, it was a necessary evil, though still very evil. But hey, it worked, he is saying.
July 2nd, 2007 at 4:29 amthere isn’t any point in complaining or grumbling old bean - nobody’s damned well listening!.

July 2nd, 2007 at 7:49 amNo, I don’t. Obviously.
I rather think you’re reading something into this which isn’t there.
What IS there in the first paragraph, if it really needs spelling out (and it evidently does), is a dramatic device called “exaggeration”.
It’s odd that you insist Japundit contributors have assumed a responsibility to cover every conceivable angle of a news story. And that you insist there’s some higher journalistic standard to be kept to.
If your comment were a letter to a newspaper, it might be understandable. Here, it’s almost like deliberate trolling.
July 2nd, 2007 at 7:56 amit’s not something you will be told by one who has the power themselves to change it
Yes, you are right. Those in power say things like kimari dakara.
July 2nd, 2007 at 3:40 pmOverthinker, some Japanese believe, the crucial reason Japan accepted Potsdam Declaration and surrendered unconditionally was that the soviet Union joined the war against Japan and attacked Manchuria and Kuriles, (and Okinawa had been already occupied by the US army). 2 atomic bombings might have been the second reason.
You can realize that the number of victims of Japan were relative lesser than Soviet Union, China or Germany. Main islands of Japan didn’t experienced ground battles was the reason.
Kyuma apologized Sunday after bitter criticism from survivors of the bombs, and from both opposition and ruling lawmakers. “I am sorry if my comments gave the impression I disrespect the victims,” Kyuma said at a news conference in Nagasaki, his hometown. “I will refrain from making such comments.”
In Japan as well as in Germany there are still some naive patriotic people who try to justify the war. They say “Japan only joined the Imperialistic colonization race in Asian and African countries which European and American started in 19th century.”,etc.
As for “shikata ga nai”, people in Japan(especially like public servants) tend to give up having courage to change what should be changed, which is not the same thing to accept what cannot be changed. So, I am more JP’s opinion.
July 2nd, 2007 at 5:39 pmTofuUnion, certainly there are many people who believe the Soviet invasion was the crucial factor. I too suspect it might have been the final deciding factor in the end, as everything, and I mean basically everything, in prewar Japan was dedicated to stamping out any trace of communist or socialist ideology: what the Soviets did to the Romanovs was worse than anything the Americans might do to Japan. However the key role for the a-bombs was the timing, which gave Japan an excuse to surrender before the USSR had done too much damage. Without that plausible excuse, how much longer would Japan have put face above life?
In short, there are four factors to look at:
July 2nd, 2007 at 8:34 pm1: The A-Bombs (and other bombing perhaps)
2: Soviet Invasion
3: Inevitable Allied Invasion
4: Gradual starvation of Japan
Each of these played its part, some to a bigger extent than others, but to try and trace the exact balance is well-nigh impossible, and to single out one sole factor is impossible - nothing works in isolation.
Latest news - Kyuma has been fired:
July 3rd, 2007 at 2:27 pmhttp://dailynews.yahoo.co.jp/fc/domestic/atomic_bomb/?1183435299
I think the reason of Kyuma’s resignation is nothing but election campaign. Kyuma’s remarks drew immediate emotional critics standing on victims side. And there were no particular arguments whether the atomic bombings were unavoidable, or not. (Sigh)
After some considerations, I am convinced atomic bombings could be avoidable. Though I guess America WANTED to use A-Bombs no matter how horrible they were. I remember Dr. Oppenheimer actually didn’t want to use A-Bomb after he had seen its explosion experiment. Some scientists opposed to use A-Bomb. But politicians made the decision for go ahead. There were many reasons.
1. To end the war earlier to save cost and lives of American soldiers.
2. To prevent Soviet Union from invading Japan and to restrain communists block.
3. To examine A-Bombs in real war. (They made surveys in details in Hiroshima and Nagasaki.)
4. Manhattan project cost huge money and the politicians wanted to show the result to the public. If A-bombs hadn’t been used, someone would be called to account.
Probably, I am one of exceptional persons who believe Japan’s past militant mind frame and the lack of a democratic social system (totalitarian emperor system) were the fundamental cause which made their citizens into A-Bomb victims in 1945. I have an aversion even to present emperor system. ( Maybe I am a disgusting guy for compatriots.)
July 3rd, 2007 at 8:36 pmThere are a lot of Japanese who have very poor opinions of the Emperor System. I know a few myself. I’m not opposed to it as such, but to the mindset it encourages.
I never like to say things like “the bombs could have been avoided.” I will at times suggest reasons for their timing or impact, or as TofuUnion has done, suggest reasons for their use (all four are valid reasons, and all four would have been taken into consideration to greater or lesser degrees), but I try and avoid judging history, saying something was not needed, as that gets into “if” history.
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